Sri Lanka's President Bans Glyphosate Nationwide to Protect the Health of the People

Monday, Jun 08, 2015 by J. D. Heyes


(NaturalNews) In one of his first official acts, Sri Lanka's newly elected president, Maithripala Sirisena, announced that his country's importation of the world's most used herbicide, glyphosate, was to be banned immediately and that the release of stocks already in the country was to be halted as well.

As noted by the Sustainable Pulse web site, Sirisena is a farmer and former Sri Lankan health minister. When announcing his decision, he said the chemical herbicide was responsible for a growing number of chronic kidney disease patients in the country, adding that the decision would further protect the country's farming community.

In Sri Lanka, chronic kidney disease now affects some 15 percent of the working-age population in the country's northern regions. That amounts to a total of around 400,000 patients. Some 20,000 people die annually of the illness, Sustainable Pulse reported.

The website added that the Sri Lankan ban follows a pair of scientific studies led by Dr. Channa Sudath Jayasumana that found that drinking water from abandoned wells contained concentrations of glyphosate and metals that were much higher. In addition, the studies indicated that spraying glyphosate increased the risk of deadly kidney disease by as much as five-fold.


"Outraged" over the truth

In addition, Sirisena's ban comes on the heels of a recent World Health Organization announcement that glyphosate is a likely human carcinogen.


As reported by GM Watch:
The assessment by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) of glyphosate, which is used in herbicides with estimated annual sales of USD 6 Billion, will be of special concern to Monsanto, the company that brought glyphosate to market under the trade name Roundup in the 1970s.


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The Efficacy Of Statin Drug Therapy

There is indeed growing evidence, however, that giving statins to all patients with high blood fats is both non productive and possibly dangerous, and newer scientific papers support re-thinking the whole approach.  Cause and effect are not so clear as they once seemed.  The historical reasons for this belief were rooted in the understanding of the physiology of the times.

http://blogs.scientificamerican.com/guest-blog/2011/11/15/cholesterol-confusion-and-why-we-should-rethink-our-approach-to-statin-therapy/ 

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STATIN-INDUCED CARDIOMYOPATHY

STATIN-INDUCED CARDIOMYOPATHY

By Peter H. Langsjoen, MD

Dr Langsjoen has a paper on the FDA website about statins reducing serum levels of CoQ10.



The medical profession has, after more than 30 years of excellent propaganda, successfully created the wholly iatrogenic - "pseudo-disease" dubbed "hypercholesterolemia" and the associated malady "cholesterol neurosis". After decades of dismal failure to cure this "disease" of numbers with low fat diets and a host of cholesterol lowering drugs, the medical profession stumbled upon the magic bullet, the cure for this dreaded artificial disease - statins (HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors). First released on the US market in 1987, statins have rapidly grown into one of the most widely prescribed class of drugs in history. Statins do three things:

1. They block the body's ability to make cholesterol, thus lowering the blood level of cholesterol, thereby curing cholesterol neurosis. Doctors and patients equally neurotic have immediate gratification. The "evil" high cholesterol has been dramatically lowered and the future is bright and promising. So far...so good.

2. Unrelated to their cholesterol lowering, statins have been found to have anti-inflammatory, plaque-stabilizing properties which have a slight benefit in coronary heart disease.

3. Statins kill people - lots of people - and they wound many, many more. All patients taking statins become depleted in Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), eventually - those patients who start with a relatively low CoQ10 levels (the elderly and patients with heart failure) begin to manifest signs/symptoms of CoQ10 deficiency relatively rapidly - in 6 to 12 months. Younger, healthier people who's only "illness" is the non-illness "hypercholesterolemia" can tolerate statins for several years before getting into trouble with fatigue, muscle weakness and soreness (usually with normal muscle enzyme CPK tests) and most ominously - heart failure.

In my practice of 17 years in Tyler, Texas, I have seen a frightening increase in heart failure secondary to statin usage, "statin cardiomyopathy". Over the past five years, statins have become more potent, are being prescribed in higher doses, and are being used with reckless abandon in the elderly and in patients with "normal" cholesterol levels. We are in the midst of a CHF epidemic in the US with a dramatic increase over the past decade. Are we causing this epidemic through our zealous use of statins? In large part I think the answer is yes. We are now in a position to witness the unfolding of the greatest medical tragedy of all time - never before in history has the medical establishment knowingly (Merck & Co., Inc. has two 1990 patents combining CoQ10 with statins to prevent CoQ10 depletion and attendant side effects) created a life threatening nutrient deficiency in millions of otherwise healthy people, only to then sit back with arrogance and horrific irresponsibility and watch to see what happens - as I see two to three new statin cardiomyopathies per week in my practice, I cannot help but view my once great profession with a mixture of sorrow and contempt.

more info:

http://www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/dailys/02/May02/052902/02p-0244-cp00001-02-Exhibit_A-vol1.pdf


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Magnesium Deficiency

November 22, 2010

By Immune Matrix LLC (Copyright)

Why do we care if we are magnesium deficient? And how deficient do we have to be to start caring?! So what if we tend to have one bad habit that will deplete us of magnesium? Should we be waiting and looking for a specific condition or symptom(s) associated with magnesium deficiency before we do something? The purpose of these articles on magnesium is to wake us up to the significance that magnesium plays in our health. It gives us:

Energy

Prevents bone loss, osteoporosis

Helps balance our hormones

Helps us with sugar metabolism issues

It helps us excrete heavy metals and other toxins.

Most significantly, we hope this article wakes us up to magnesium’s key role in improving more common conditions that plague us that we take for granted as incurable or un-improvable, and lead us to the need to take blood pressure medications and osteoporosis medications in some cases and in other cases keep us drug dependent for lack of any other hope. We can even avoid premature death, if we pay attention to magnesium!

We suggest that you read the entire set of articles here on magnesium, then print it. Go back and highlight all things that pertain to you and add them up to see how many risk factors are pushing you or keeping you in a state of magnesium deficiency. Then get tested, start to optimize your intracellular magnesium and watch how your health begins to improve!

Why Are We Magnesium Deficient?

Our food source is deficient in magnesium. Fertilizers contain potassium and phosphorus. Both organic and regular farming practices use fertilizers. These fertilizers alter a plant’s ability to take in and store magnesium. Therefore, modern farming practices help to deplete our food supply of much needed magnesium to begin with.

How we prepare our food impacts the amount of magnesium we have to absorb. Food processing removes magnesium. Broiling, steaming, and boiling food in water leaches out more magnesium.

Our lifestyle depletes us of magnesium in too many ways! What we do on a daily and regular basis in terms of our lifestyle habits sets us up for mineral depletions and toxic exposures. It sets the course for our imbalances that lead to disease and premature death.

Let’s look at the principal lifestyle factors that lead us toward chronic magnesium deficiency:

Alcohol consumption

Coffee consumption

Refined carbohydrate and sugar consumption

Soda consumption

High fat consumption

Some prescription drugs

Hormone replacement therapy

Recreational drugs

Dieting

Liquid protein fasts

Weekend warriors, extreme athletes, overtraining, excessive sweating

Stress

Alcohol

Drinking alcohol of any kind causes significant loss of magnesium from our body through our urine. Alcohol increases urination of magnesium and is a number one factor in heart-rhythm abnormalities encountered with heavy drinkers. Habitual long term alcohol consumption leads a person into excessive magnesium excretion, intracellular magnesium deficiency results:

Tremors

Hallucinations

Convulsions

Hypertension

Arrhythmias

Osteoporosis

Sudden cardiac death can result

Magnesium therapy can easily reverse this.

Coffee

Coffee depletes our body of magnesium, B vitamins, L-lysine, making us more prone to stress. Coffee sets us up to become acidic, deficient in B vitamins and L-lysine, essential to keep viral infections suppressed (herpes, canker sores). Stress makes us need more B vitamins and makes us even more acidic. Being acidic causes us to need even more magnesium! The result is a vicious cycle of:

B vitamin deficiency

Increased incidence of outbreaks in herpes

Canker sores

Chronic viral infections

Fatigue from loss of magnesium

Coffee alone is not bad. However, if you are already acidic, under lots of stress, living a modern lifestyle, or have hidden or chronic viral infections such as: herpes, then you are not helping yourself with this habit.

Refined Carbohydrates and Sugar

Eating refined carbohydrates such as white sugar, processed food, high fructose corn syrup or processed flour (white flour) depletes our body of magnesium because we burn up our magnesium faster to metabolize the refined carbohydrates. These carbohydrates also make us more acidic and we use magnesium to buffer our acidic state, burning magnesium to put us back into a state of ph balance.

Sodas

Besides sugary drinks, fruit drinks filled with corn syrup, sodas and carbonated beverages deplete the body of magnesium and calcium stores by their chemical nature and by the fact that they make us acidic. It matters not weather they are diet or regular sodas. Caffeinated sodas cause even more depletion of magnesium. Sodas are a leading factor in our children developing osteoporosis by young adulthood.

High Fat Diets

High fat diets burn magnesium at a faster rate. When magnesium becomes depleted, the rate of plaque formation in the arteries accelerates! Magnesium deficiency alters fatty acid metabolism such that linoleic acid is converted to the high inflammatory arachidonic acid which will increase blood coagulation, meaning the blood will tend be more sticky. This leads to blood clots and strokes. This is reversed by magnesium supplementation to the extent that even triglycerides and very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) can be decreased. One study increased HDL by 27% after magnesium supplementation.  Therefore, take your magnesium supplements with your burger and fries if you must have them!

Some Prescriptions Drugs

Some prescription drugs such as Cyclosporin deplete the body of magnesium. Taking extra “balanced” magnesium will be protective against the side effects of Cyclosporin.

Certain blood pressure medications cause excessive excretion of magnesium due to their diuretic effects. Switching medications from hydrochlorothiazides to a beta-adrenergic blocking agent such as propranolol can help to preserve excessive magnesium loss but also come with their own set of side effects. Therefore, magnesium supplements might be the better choice over switching one’s medications.

Other drugs known to deplete the body of magnesium are:

Amphotericin B

Cisplatin

Ethanol

Gentamicin

Pentamidine

Recreational Drugs

Taking amphetamines and cocaine are just plain bad, but one mechanism of sudden death is the depletion of intracellular myocardial magnesium.

Hormone Replacement Therapy

Women need estrogen to absorb magnesium! If there is insufficient magnesium present however, the calcium/magnesium ratio can shift out of balance where calcium dominates. There are no symptoms of this. Elevated calcium causes increased fibrin formation leading to the development of clots, and the wasting of bone seen in osteoporosis. Taking calcium when one does not know if they have elevated estrogens or does not know if their ratio of calcium to magnesium is elevated, will increase their risk for stroke, blood clots, kidney stones, bone spurs and osteoporosis even more! In addition, there is much to suggest that taking magnesium regularly is protective against the formation of clots and arteriospasms that can induce heart attack! Therefore, taking additional or even high dose calcium when you do not know your level of intracellular magnesium and you do not know what your ratio of calcium to magnesium can accelerate osteoporosis, and lead you quicker to stroke.

Dieting

Diet pills that are diuretics, or especially those that contain phentermine, or fenfluramine also deplete the body of magnesium stores.

Starvation diets: Studies of concentration camp survivors and those engaged in starvation diets to loose weight found that even with high magnesium supplementation for months, the stress hormones induced by starvation interfered with the uptake of magnesium for several months thereafter despite adequate magnesium supplementation. In addition, starvation diets often caused sudden cardiac death from severe depletion of heart magnesium. This is one mechanism for sudden death in those that suffer from anorexia.

Short term and long term fasting does cause magnesium loss but generally not in such extremes as to cause low intracellular magnesium which would lead to cardiac symptoms or sudden death. Another long term fasting study of three months showed an average loss of 20% body magnesium that resulted in the development of carpal tunnel spasms that were relieved by intravenous magnesium therapy.

Liquid protein diets can cause such acidity that significant intracellular magnesium is lost even in the presence of normal serum magnesium levels. Deaths by ventricular fibrillation resulted despite individuals supplemented with calcium and potassium. What was not detected was confirmed on autopsy that the heart lesions were caused by depletion of heart intracellular magnesium! Intracellular magnesium is never tested for in routine hospital or emergency visits! Magnesium had not been supplemented during the high protein fast! Again because it has been so difficult to test for low intracellular magnesium, and it is so easy to take additional magnesium supplements, a little knowledge about this under appreciated mineral could save a life!

Please note:

This information is provided for informational purposes only and is not intended as a substitute for the advice provided by your physician or other healthcare professional. You should not use this information for diagnosing or treating a health problem or disease, or prescribing any medication or other treatment.

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Dr. Weil's Anti-Inflammatory Diet

Dr. Weil's Anti-Inflammatory Diet
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Courtesy of Dr. Weil on Healthy Aging, Your Online Guide to the Anti-Inflammatory Diet.

It is becoming increasingly clear that chronic inflammation is the root cause of many serious illnesses - including heart disease, many cancers, and Alzheimer's disease. We all know inflammation on the surface of the body as local redness, heat, swelling and pain. It is the cornerstone of the body's healing response, bringing more nourishment and more immune activity to a site of injury or infection. But when inflammation persists or serves no purpose, it damages the body and causes illness. Stress, lack of exercise, genetic predisposition, and exposure to toxins (like secondhand tobacco smoke) can all contribute to such chronic inflammation, but dietary choices play a big role as well. Learning how specific foods influence the inflammatory process is the best strategy for containing it and reducing long-term disease risks. (Find more details on the mechanics of the inflammation process and the Anti-Inflammatory Food Pyramid.)


The Anti-Inflammatory Diet is not a diet in the popular sense - it is not intended as a weight-loss program (although people can and do lose weight on it), nor is it an eating plan to stay on for a limited period of time. Rather, it is way of selecting and preparing foods based on scientific knowledge of how they can help your body maintain optimum health. Along with influencing inflammation, this diet will provide steady energy and ample vitamins, minerals, essential fatty acids dietary fiber, and protective phytonutrients.

You can also adapt your existing recipes according to these anti-inflammatory diet principles:


General Diet Tips:

-Aim for variety.
-Include as much fresh food as possible.
-Minimize your consumption of processed foods and fast food.
-Eat an abundance of fruits and vegetables.


Caloric Intake

Most adults need to consume between 2,000 and 3,000 calories a day. Women and smaller and less active people need fewer calories. Men and bigger and more active people need more calories.

If you are eating the appropriate number of calories for your level of activity, your weight should not fluctuate greatly. The distribution of calories you take in should be as follows: 40 to 50 percent from carbohydrates, 30 percent from fat, and 20 to 30 percent from protein. Try to include carbohydrates, fat, and protein at each meal.


Carbohydrates

On a 2,000-calorie-a-day diet, adult women should consume between 160 to 200 grams of carbohydrates a day.

Adult men should consume between 240 to 300 grams of carbohydrates a day. The majority of this should be in the form of less-refined, less-processed foods with a low glycemic load.

Reduce your consumption of foods made with wheat flour and sugar, especially bread and most packaged snack foods (including chips and pretzels). Eat more whole grains such as brown rice and bulgur wheat, in which the grain is intact or in a few large pieces. These are preferable to whole wheat flour products, which have roughly the same glycemic index as white flour products. Eat more beans, winter squashes, and sweet potatoes. Cook pasta al dente and eat it in moderation. Avoid products made with high fructose corn syrup.


Fat

On a 2,000-calorie-a-day diet, 600 calories can come from fat - that is, about 67 grams. This should be in a ratio of 1:2:1 of saturated to monounsaturated to polyunsaturated fat. Reduce your intake of saturated fat by eating less butter, cream, high-fat cheese, unskinned chicken and fatty meats, and products made with palm kernel oil. Use extra-virgin olive oil as a main cooking oil. If you want a neutral tasting oil, use expeller-pressed, organic canola oil. Organic, high-oleic, expeller pressed versions of sunflower and safflower oil are also acceptable. Avoid regular safflower and sunflower oils, corn oil, cottonseed oil, and mixed vegetable oils.
Strictly avoid margarine, vegetable shortening, and all products listing them as ingredients. Strictly avoid all products made with partially hydrogenated oils of any kind. Include in your diet avocados and nuts, especially walnuts, cashews, almonds, and nut butters made from these nuts. For omega-3 fatty acids, eat salmon (preferably fresh or frozen wild or canned sockeye), sardines packed in water or olive oil, herring, and black cod (sablefish, butterfish); omega-3 fortified eggs; hemp seeds and flaxseeds (preferably freshly ground); or take a fish oil supplement (look for products that provide both EPA and DHA, in a convenient daily dosage of two to three grams).


Protein

On a 2,000-calorie-a-day diet, your daily intake of protein should be between 80 and 120 grams. Eat less protein if you have liver or kidney problems, allergies, or autoimmune disease.

Decrease your consumption of animal protein except for fish and high quality natural cheese and yogurt. Eat more vegetable protein, especially from beans in general and soybeans in particular. Become familiar with the range of whole-soy foods available and find ones you like.


Fiber

Try to eat 40 grams of fiber a day. You can achieve this by increasing your consumption of fruit, especially berries, vegetables (especially beans), and whole grains.

Ready-made cereals can be good fiber sources, but read labels to make sure they give you at least 4 and preferably 5 grams of bran per one-ounce serving.


Phytonutrients

To get maximum natural protection against age-related diseases (including cardiovascular disease, cancer, and neurodegenerative disease) as well as against environmental toxicity, eat a variety of fruits, vegetables and mushrooms.

Choose fruits and vegetables from all parts of the color spectrum, especially berries, tomatoes, orange and yellow fruits, and dark leafy greens. Choose organic produce whenever possible. Learn which conventionally grown crops are most likely to carry pesticide residues and avoid them.

Eat cruciferous (cabbage-family) vegetables regularly. Include soy foods in your diet. Drink tea instead of coffee, especially good quality white, green or oolong tea. If you drink alcohol, use red wine preferentially. Enjoy plain dark chocolate in moderation (with a minimum cocoa content of 70 percent).


Vitamins and Minerals

The best way to obtain all of your daily vitamins, minerals, and micronutrients is by eating a diet high in fresh foods with an abundance of fruits and vegetables. In addition, supplement your diet with the following antioxidant cocktail:

-Vitamin C, 200 milligrams a day.
-Vitamin E, 400 IU of natural mixed tocopherols (d-alpha-tocopherol with other tocopherols, or, better, a minimum of 80 milligrams of natural mixed tocopherols and tocotrienols).
-Selenium, 200 micrograms of an organic (yeast-bound) form.
-Mixed carotenoids, 10,000-15,000 IU daily.

The antioxidants can be most conveniently taken as part of a daily multivitamin/multimineral supplement that also provides at least 400 micrograms of folic acid and 2,000 IU of vitamin D. It should contain no iron (unless you are a female and having regular menstrual periods) and no preformed vitamin A (retinol). Take these supplements with your largest meal. Women should take supplemental calcium, preferably as calcium citrate, 500-700 milligrams a day, depending on their dietary intake of this mineral. Men should avoid supplemental calcium.


Other Dietary Supplements

If you are not eating oily fish at least twice a week, take supplemental fish oil, in capsule or liquid form (two to three grams a day of a product containing both EPA and DHA). Look for molecularly distilled products certified to be free of heavy metals and other contaminants.

Talk to your doctor about going on low-dose aspirin therapy, one or two baby aspirins a day (81 or 162 milligrams). If you are not regularly eating ginger and turmeric, consider taking these in supplemental form. Add coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) to your daily regimen: 60-100 milligrams of a softgel form taken with your largest meal. If you are prone to metabolic syndrome, take alpha-lipoic acid, 100 to 400 milligrams a day.


Water

Drink pure water, or drinks that are mostly water (tea, very diluted fruit juice, sparkling water with lemon) throughout the day. Use bottled water or get a home water purifier if your tap water tastes of chlorine or other contaminants, or if you live in an area where the water is known or suspected to be contaminated.


Related Resources:

Start your free trial of Dr. Weil on Healthy Aging for more in-depth information on the anti-inflammatory diet, including over 300 anti-inflammatory recipes, eating and shopping guides, how-to cooking videos, an exclusive version of Dr. Weil's Anti-Inflammatory Food Pyramid and more! Visit today!

The Weil Vitamin Advisor is an online questionnaire that yields a personalized, comprehensive recommendation for vitamins and vitamin supplements based on your lifestyle, diet, nutrition, medications, and health concerns. The questionnaire takes only a few minutes and gives you a recommendation that is personalized to meet your unique nutritional needs.


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The Five Second Rule

Who says you can’t drop your cake and eat it, too? Quickly picking up food off the ground significantly diminishes the bacteria on your snack, finds a new study from England.

Researchers at Aston University examined the classic 5-Second Rule, which claims it’s safe to grab and eat food you’ve dropped on the floor as long as you do it within 5 seconds of the fall. Indeed, after placing different foods on scummy surfaces for either 3 or 30 seconds, the researchers found up to 10 times more bacteria on food that had been down longer.

When you drop your meal, its particles pick up bacteria, says lead researcher Anthony Hilton, Ph.D. Your grub then slowly spreads to cover a greater area and therefore accumulates more germs.

Even if you catch your food fast, remember that eating off the floor isn’t exactly a healthy habit. After all, it’s still dirty food. “I think it would be wrong of us to kind of perpetuate or even suggest that picking up food is safe to do,” says Hilton.

But if you accidentally drop a delicious treat and want to try and salvage it with the 5-Second Rule, at least minimize your risk with these tips:


Stick With Dry Snacks:
The particles in dry foods like cookies and chips largely don’t settle or stick to surfaces, whereas moist foods—like sticky candy and noodles—can make almost 20 percent more contact on the gross surface as time goes by.


Consume Over Carpet:
If your grip is feeling flimsy, take your sandwich in the living room instead of the kitchen. Hilton’s results showed that bacteria survive for shorter periods of time on carpet than on hard flooring. Carpet also transfers fewer germs to food.


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Stress and Disease

The HPA axis is involved in the neurobiology of mood disorders and functional illnesses, including anxiety disorder, bipolar disorder, insomnia, posttraumatic stress disorder, borderline personality disorder, ADHD, major depressive disorder, burnout, chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome, and alcoholism.[1]

Antidepressants, which are routinely prescribed for many of these illnesses, serve to regulate HPA axis function.[2]

Experimental studies have investigated many different types of stress, and their effects on the HPA axis in many different circumstances.[3]

Stressors can be of many different types—in experimental studies in rats, a distinction is often made between "social stress" and "physical stress", but both types activate the HPA axis, though via different pathways.[4]

Several monoamine neurotransmitters are important in regulating the HPA axis, especially dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine (noradrenaline). There is evidence that an increase in oxytocin, resulting for instance from positive social interactions, acts to suppress the HPA axis and thereby counteracts stress, promoting positive health effects such as wound healing.[5]

The HPA axis is a feature of mammals and other vertebrates. For example, biologists studying stress in fish showed that social subordination leads to chronic stress, related to reduced aggressive interactions, to lack of control, and to the constant threat imposed by dominant fish. Serotonin (5HT) appeared to be the active neurotransmitter involved in mediating stress responses, and increases in serotonin are related to increased plasma α-MSH levels, which causes skin darkening (a social signal in salmonoid fish), activation of the HPA axis, and inhibition of aggression. Inclusion of the amino acid L-tryptophan, a precursor of 5HT, in the feed of rainbow trout made the trout less aggressive and less responsive to stress.[6]

However, the study mentions that plasma cortisol was not affected by dietary L-tryptophan. The drug LY354740 (also known as Eglumegad, an agonist of the metabotropic glutamate receptors 2 and 3) has been shown to interfere in the HPA axis, with chronic oral administration of this drug leading to markedly reduced baseline cortisol levels in bonnet macaques (Macaca radiata); acute infusion of LY354740 resulted in a marked diminution of yohimbine-induced stress response in those animals.[7]

Studies on people show that the HPA axis is activated in different ways during chronic stress depending on the type of stressor, the person's response to the stressor and other factors. Stressors that are uncontrollable, threaten physical integrity, or involve trauma tend to have a high, flat diurnal profile of cortisol release (with lower-than-normal levels of cortisol in the morning and higher-than-normal levels in the evening) resulting in a high overall level of daily cortisol release. On the other hand, controllable stressors tend to produce higher-than-normal morning cortisol. Stress hormone release tends to decline gradually after a stressor occurs. In post-traumatic stress disorder there appears to be lower-than-normal cortisol release, and it is thought that a blunted hormonal response to stress may predispose a person to develop PTSD.[8]

It is also known that hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) hormones are related to certain skin diseases and skin homeostasis. There is evidence shown that the HPA axis hormones can be linked to certain stress related skin diseases and skin tumors. This happens when HPA axis hormones become hyperactive in the brain.[9]

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1. Spencer RL, Hutchison KE (1999). "Alcohol, aging, and the stress response". Alcohol Research & Health 23 (4): 272–83. PMID 10890824.

2. Pariante CM (August 2003). "Depression, stress and the adrenal axis". Journal of Neuroendocrinology 15 (8): 811–2. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2826.2003.01058.x. PMID 12834443.

3. Douglas AJ (March 2005). "Central noradrenergic mechanisms underlying acute stress responses of the Hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis: adaptations through pregnancy and lactation". Stress 8 (1): 5–18. doi:10.1080/10253890500044380. PMID 16019594.

4. Engelmann M, Landgraf R, Wotjak CT (2004). "The hypothalamic-neurohypophysial system regulates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis under stress: an old concept revisited". Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology 25 (3–4): 132–49. doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2004.09.001. PMID 15589266.

5. Detillion CE, Craft TK, Glasper ER, Prendergast BJ, DeVries AC (September 2004). "Social facilitation of wound healing". Psychoneuroendocrinology 29 (8): 1004–11. doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2003.10.003. PMID 15219651.

6. Winberg S, Øverli Ø, Lepage O (November 2001). "Suppression of aggression in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) by dietary L-tryptophan". The Journal of Experimental Biology 204 (Pt 22): 3867–76. PMID 11807104.

7. Coplan JD, Mathew SJ, Smith EL, et al. (July 2001). "Effects of LY354740, a novel glutamatergic metabotropic agonist, on nonhuman primate hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and noradrenergic function". CNS Spectrums 6 (7): 607–12, 617. PMID 15573025.

8. Miller GE, Chen E, Zhou ES (January 2007). "If it goes up, must it come down? Chronic stress and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis in humans". Psychological Bulletin 133 (1): 25–45. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.133.1.25. PMID 17201569.

9. Kim JE, Cho BK, Cho DH, Park HJ (July 2013). "Expression of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in common skin diseases: evidence of its association with stress-related disease activity". Acta Dermato-venereologica 93 (4): 387–93. doi:10.2340/00015555-1557. PMID 23462974.


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